Открытый урок вич спид на английском
Цели проведения круглого стола:
- Предоставление возможности открыто взглянуть на проблему ВИЧ/СПИДа. (Большинству людей, инфицированных ВИЧ, от 14 до 25 лет.)
- Воспитание взаимопонимания, толерантности.
- Обучение навыкам выступления перед аудиторией, описания и сравнения графиков, представленных на слайдах.
- Знакомство с лексикой общеполитической направленности, организациями ООН, занимающимися проблемами ВИЧ/СПИДа.
1. Учащиеся знакомятся с лексикой и организациями – коспонсорами ЮНЭЙДС. Для продвинутых учеников задание можно трансформировать в “Match the words with the description”. Key topic vocabulary.
| Access (n) | The right or opportunity to have or use something that will bring you benefits |
| Adherence (n) | Support for or belief in an idea, plan, opinion etc. |
| Advocacy (n) | Strong public support for something |
| AIDS (n) | Acquired immune deficiency syndrome |
A serious disease that destroys the body’s immune system (its ability to defend itself against infection) and usually causes death
A virus that can cause AIDS and is usually passed on by having sex
“UNAIDS, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, is an innovative joint venture of the United Nations family, bringing together the efforts and resources of ten UN system organizations in the AIDS response to help the world prevent new HIV infections, care for people living with HIV, and mitigate the impact of the epidemic.
With its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, the UNAIDS Secretariat works on the ground in more than 80 countries worldwide. Coherent action on AIDS by the UN system is coordinated in countries through the UN theme groups, and the joint programmes on AIDS.
Cosponsors include UNHCR, UNICEF, WFP, UNDP, UNFPA, UNODC, ILO, UNESCO, WHO and the World Bank.
UNAIDS helps mount and support an expanded response to AIDS – one that engages the efforts of many sectors and partners from government and civil society.”
The ten UNAIDS cosponsoring organizations are:
1. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
Управление Верховного комиссара Организации Объединенных Наций по делам беженцев (УВКБ ООН)
2. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)
Детский фонд Организации Объединенных Наций (ЮНИСЕФ)
3. World Food Programme (WFP)
Мировая продовольственная программа (МПП)
4. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Программа развития Организации Объединенных Наций (ПРООН)
5. United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
Фонд Организации Объединенных Наций в области народонаселения (ЮНФПА)
6. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
Управление Организации Объединенных Наций по наркотикам и преступности (ЮНОДК)
7. International Labour Organization (ILO)
Международная организация труда (МОТ)
8. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
Организации Объединенных Наций по вопросам образования, науки и культуры (ЮНЕСКО)
9. World Health Organization (WHO)
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ)
2. Следует обратить внимание учащихся на употребление некоторых словосочетаний. Nowadays we pay more and more attention to the politically-correct language. If one thoroughly studies UNAIDS documents on HIV/AIDS they will note that:
| We say | We don’t say |
| IDU |
Injection Drug Users
Model topics are as follows:
- UNAIDS (goals, cosponsors)
- UNAIDS (activities)
- World AIDS Day (December, 1)
- AIDS Awareness Red Ribbon
- HIV Epidemic in Russia
- HIV Epidemic in Europe/USA/Africa
- Young People and HIV
- Women and HIV
У всех участников конференции красные ленточки – символ борьбы со СПИДом (red ribbons - AIDS awareness symbol) , а также бейджики с указанием организации, которую они представляют. Председательствующий открывает конференцию, предоставляет слово для выступления, открывает дискуссию, закрывает конференцию.
На экране – заставка с веб-сайта ЮНЭЙДС.
При выступлении учащихся меняются слайды на экране (графики роста заболеваемости по странам: США, Великобритания, Россия, африканские страны).
После выступлений присутствующие журналисты задают вопросы.
Questions (as a variant):
- Could you please once again sum up the difference between HIV and AIDS?
- Do you believe that HIV is really an issue in the Russian Federation?
- RF Country Situation Analysis on AIDS stated the following figures: “100 new HIV cases are registered every day. Young people between 15 and 29 years make up some 70% of infected persons.” What do you think should be done immediately?
- What in your opinion can be done to help this World AIDS Day?
- I wonder whether you could explain why it is so important to ensure that everyone can access HIV prevention, treatment, care and support.
- Do you really believe we can help people living with HIV? What can be done?
- President Putin calls for urgent measures to stem the HIV epidemic in Russia. Would you be so kind to give more details?
- Could you comment, please, on social and economic consequences of the epidemic?
- “One in seven young people in Britain would not stay friends with someone who had HIV, a British survey suggests.” What do you think about it?
- etc.
The students are given some useful phrases such as: in other words; for instance; in particular; yes, I agree, and/but…; it might/may be; however; it’s difficult to tell; it’s definitely (not); etc.
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By Karina Ocheretyana
“Human Immunodeficiency Virus” A unique type of virus (a retrovirus) Invades the helper T cells (CD4 cells) in the body of the host (defense mechanism of a person) Threatening a global epidemic. Preventable, managable but not curable.
“Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome” HIV is the virus that causes AIDS Disease limits the body’s ability to fight infection due to markedly reduced helper T cells. Patients have a very weak immune system (defense mechanism) Patients predisposed to multiple opportunistic infections leading to death.
Opportunistic infections and malignancies that rarely occur in the absence of severe immunodeficiency (eg, Pneumocystis pneumonia, central nervous system lymphoma). Persons with positive HIV serology who have ever had a CD4 lymphocyte count below 200 cells/mcL or a CD4 lymphocyte percentage below 14% are considered to have AIDS.
Blood products Semen Vaginal fluids
Sharing Needles Without sterilization Increases the chances of contracting HIV Unsterilized blades
Unprotected Intercourse Oral Anal
Before Birth During Birth
Abstinence Protected Sex Sterile needles New shaving/cutting blades
It is the most effective method of not acquiring HIV/AIDS. Refraining from unprotected sex: oral, anal, or vaginal. Refraining from intravenous drug use
Use condoms every time you have sex Always use latex or polyurethane condom (not a natural skin condom) Always use a latex barrier during oral sex
Make sure the package is not expired Make sure to check the package for damages Do not open the package with your teeth for risk of tearing Never use the condom more than once Use water-based rather than oil-based condoms
Source: UNAIDS, AIDS Epidemic Update, December 2004. Total = 39.4 million Sub-Saharan Africa South/South-East Asia Oceania Caribbean North Africa/Middle East Western Europe North America East Asia Eurasia Latin America Слайд 17
UNAIDS Outcome Framework 2009–2011: nine priority areas We can reduce sexual transmission of HIV. We can prevent mothers from dying and babies from becoming infected with HIV. We can ensure that people living with HIV receive treatment. We can prevent people living with HIV from dying of tuberculosis. We can protect drug users from becoming infected with HIV. We can remove punitive laws, policies, practices, stigma and discrimination that block effective responses to AIDS. We can stop violence against women and girls. We can empower young people to protect themselves from HIV. We can enhance social protection for people affected by HIV.
МИНИСТЕРСТВО ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КРЫМ
Государственное автономное образовательное учреждение
среднего профессионального образования Республики Крым
по теме: СПИД/ВИЧ
Для специальности: 31.02.02 Акушерское дело,
31.02.01 Лечебное дело
Методическая разработка комбинированного занятия составлена в соответствии с ФГОС СПО по специальности 31.02.02 Акушерское дело, 31.02.01 Лечебное дело
Председатель предметной (цикловой) комиссии __________/ Т.И.Ломаева
I . Методический блок
Методическая разработка занятия
Специальность: 31.02.02 Акушерское дело,
31.02.01 Лечебное дело
Дисциплина: Иностранный язык
Вид занятия: комбинированное
читать, писать, переводить терминологию по теме;
использовать изученную лексику, речевые обороты в устной и письменной речи;
выполнять лексико-грамматические упражнения;
отвечать на вопросы по данной теме.
2. Воспитательные цели:
воспитывать сострадание, гуманизм, милосердие;
воспитывать самостоятельность в преодолении затруднений в понимании иностранного текста;
воспитывать умение осмысливать и анализировать;
воспитывать желание и умение использовать уже имеющиеся знания;
воспитывать интерес к поиску новой информации
3. Развивающие цели:
развитие творческих способностей студентов;
развитие навыков диалогической и монологической речи по теме;
развитие навыков чтения текста для получения различных видов информации;
развитие навыков понимания иноязычной речи;
развитие логического мышления, внимания, памяти, языковой догадки;
ПК 4.6. Проводить мероприятия по сохранению и укреплению здоровья различных возрастных групп
ОК 1. Понимать сущность и социальную значимость будущей профессии, проявлять к ней устойчивый интерес.
ОК 2. Организовывать собственную деятельность, выбирать типовые методы и способы выполнения профессиональных задач, оценивать их эффективность и качество.
ОК 3. Принимать решения в стандартных и нестандартных ситуациях, нести за них ответственность.
ОК 4. Осуществлять поиск и использование информации, необходимой для эффективного выполнения профессиональных задач, профессионального и личностного развития.
ОК 5. Использовать информационно-коммуникационные технологии в профессиональной деятельности.
ОК 6. Работать в коллективе и команде, эффективно общаться
с коллегами, руководством, потребителями.
ОК 11. Быть готовым брать на себя нравственные обязательства по отношению к природе, обществу и человеку.
4. Оборудование и оснащение занятия:
2.Тексты по теме
3.Упражнения и задания:
Задания на понимание содержания текста
Учебные пособия и материалы:
4.Англо-русские и русско-английские словари
5. Межпредметные связи: основы безопасной жизнедеятельности, основы сестринского дела, введение в специальность, латинский язык, психология общения
Приветствие, контроль явки студентов
1)Greeting 1 мин
T: Good morning, dear students, I’m very glad to see you. Sit down, please. Prepare all necessary things for the lesson. I hope, you are ready for our English lesson.
Answer my questions, please: What date is it today?
Who is absent today? Why? (T – P1,P2) 4 мин
Let’s check you home task
Revision of the Matereal Covered at the Previous Period ( Проверка домашнего задания )
Let’s check your homework. What was your home assignment?
S: Our home assignment was to learn new words by heart and to retell the text. 10 мин
1) Lead in (введение к новой теме, мотивация):
Our theme for today is „ HIV and AIDS ”. You are future doctors’ assistants/midwives, so you should know that AIDS (Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) is a disease caused by a virus called HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). The illness alters the immune system, making people much more vulnerable to infections and diseases. This susceptibility worsens as the disease progresses. 5 мин
Exercise 1. Read and learn the following words:
HIV ( Human Immunodeficiency Virus ) [' hjuim ə n i ' mju : n ə di ' fi ∫ə nsi ' vai ə r ə s ] ВИЧ (вирус иммунодефицита человека)
AIDS ( Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome ) [ə' kwai ə d i ' mju : n ə di ' fi ∫ə nsi ' sindr ə mi :] СПИД (синдром приобретенного иммунодефицита)
transmit [ tr æ nz ' mit ] передавать, переносить
contaminated [ k ə n ' t æ mineitid ] зараженный
properly ['рrорəli] должным образом
opportunistic infections [' op ə tju : nistic ] оппортунистические (условно-приобретенные) инфекции
chickenpox ['t∫ikə n poks ] ветряная оспа
insure [ in '∫ u ə] страховать
afford [ə' fo : d ] позволять себе
prejudice f ' pred udis ] предубеждение; настраивать против
ignorance [' ign ə r ən s ] невежество, незнание
educate [' edju : keit ] воспитывать, обучать
3) а) Pre-reading activity (Дотекстовые упражнения).
What is the difference between HIV and AIDS?
HIV is the virus which attacks the T-cells in the immune system.
AIDS is the syndrome which appears in advanced stages of HIV infection.
AIDS is a medical condition.
Exercise 2. Match the word combinations with their Russian variants
white blood cell
effective antiretroviral treatment
белые кровяные тельца
возможные побочные эффекты
эффективная антиретровирусная терапия
b) Reading and translation of the text (Чтение и перевод текста )
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was discovered in 1983. It is a retrovirus that primarily infects vital components of the human immune system. It also directly and indirectly destroys cells required for the proper functioning of the immune system. The immune system functions poorly leading to the syndrome known as AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). AIDS is transmitted in body fluids through sexual contact, sharing of contaminated needles (by IV drug abusers), contact with contaminated blood or transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products.
AIDS occurs when HIV has damaged the patient's immune system. The patient's lymphocytes cannot fight infection properly. Bacteria and viruses, which cause mild illnesses in healthy people, cause severe life-threatening diseases in patient with AIDS. These diseases are called opportunistic infections. Patients with AIDS can die of chickenpox which is usually a very mild disease of children.
There is no cure of AIDS but some drugs can slow the progress of the disease. Antibiotics and antiviral drugs can often cure opportunistic infections but they are very expensive. In many countries people die from opportunistic infections because they are not insured and cannot afford treatment.
Many people are prejudiced against those who are HIV-positive. This prejudice is sometimes caused by ignorance. Some people think that they can catch AIDS by shaking hands with an HIV-positive person, eating at the same table or even talking to him on the telephone! That is why patients who are HIV-positive are under severe psychological stress.
Thus the task of the physician is not only to search for a cure for AIDS but also to teach his patients to prevent it and to educate the public in order to reduce prejudice and discrimination against HIV-positive people 15 мин
c ) Post-reading activities (Упражнения, которые выполняются после прочтения текста).
Exercise 4 Translate following words and word combinations
Жизненноважній компонент, иммунная система, прямо или косвено, должное функционирование, известный как, зараженная игла, бактерии и вирусы, здоровые люди, болезни опасные для жизни, ветрянная оспа, детская болезнь, некоторые лекарства, замедлять процесс, через рукопожатие, разговаривать по телефону, психологический стресс, задание врача, уменьшие предубеждение, дискриминация против.
Exercise 5 Answer the questions:
When was HIV discovered?
What do the abbreviations HIV (AIDS) stand for?
How is AIDS transmitted?
What are opportunistic infections?
Can patients with AIDS die of chickenpox?
Is it possible to catch AIDS by shaking hands with an HIV-positive person?
What is the role of the physician while treating a patient with AIDS?
Exercise 6 Is the sentence true or false. Correct false statement
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was discovered in 1993.
HIV directly and indirectly creates cells required for the proper functioning of the immune system.
AIDS is transmitted by shaking hands with an HIV-positive person, eating at the same table or even talking to him on the telephone.
AIDS occurs when HIV has damaged the patient's urinary system.
HIV-positive patient's lymphocytes cannot fight infection appropriately.
Bacteria and viruses cause severe life-threatening sickness in patient with AIDS.
Antibiotics and antiviral drugs can often treat opportunistic infections but they are high-priced.
Thus the tasks of the doctor is not only to search for a cure for AIDS but also to teach his patients to prevent it.
Exercise 7 Guess the word(word combination) using its definition
A disease, caused by the HIV virusand transmittedin body fluids, which breaks down the sufferer’s natural defences against infection.
A submicroscopic organism which can cause disease.
The basic structural and functional unit of living organisms.
Any combination of signs and symptoms that are indicative of a particular disease or disorder.
A red that is pumped by the heart through the arteries and veins, supplies tissues with nutrients, oxygen, etc., and removes waste products.
A person who is receiving medical care
1. Подведение итогов занятия
2. Home task ( Задание на дом ) : to learn new words by heart and to read additional text.
How did you feel about the lesson in general?
Did you have any particular difficulties?
Give some brief ideas of follow-up work you would do for this lesson.
Any other comments you would like to add.
Работа с дополнительным текстом:
Прочитайте и переведите текст с помощью словаря:
Entering 2003, HIV is the deadliest and most massive epidemic of infectious disease in medical history, with close to 65 million people living, dying, or dead with HIV.
What is HIV/AIDS?
• AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
• HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus
• A positive HIV test result does not mean that a person has AIDS. A diagnosis of AIDS is made by a physician using certain clinical criteria (e.g., AIDS indicator illnesses).
• Infection with HIV can weaken the immune system to the point that it has difficulty fighting off certain infections. These types of infections are known as "opportunistic" infections because they take the opportunity a weakened immune system gives to cause illness.
• Many of the infections that cause problems or may be life-threatening for people with AIDS are usually controlled by a healthy immune system. The immune system of a person with AIDS is weakened to the point that medical intervention may be necessary to prevent or treat serious illness.
The HIV-AIDS Connection
• AIDS was first recognized in 1981 and has since become a major worldwide pandemic.
Abundant evidence indicates that AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which was discovered in 1983. By leading to the destruction and/or functional impairment of cells of the immune system, notably CD4+ T cells, HIV progressively destroys the body's ability to fight infections and certain cancers
How long does it take for HIV to cause AIDS?
• Since 1992, scientists have estimated that about half the people with HIV develop AIDS within 10 years after becoming infected. This time varies greatly from person to person and can depend on many factors, including a person's health status and their healthrelated behaviors.
• Today there are medical treatments that can slow down the rate at which HIV weakens the immune system. There are other treatments that can prevent or cure some of the illnesses associated with AIDS, though the treatments do not cure AIDS itself. As with other diseases, early detection offers more options for treatment and preventative health care.
How is HIV passed from one person to another?
HIV transmission can occur when blood, semen (including pre-seminal fluid, or "pre-cum"), vaginal fluid, or breast milk from an infected person enters the body of an uninfected person.
HIV can enter the body through a vein (e.g., injection drug use), the anus or rectum, the vagina, the penis, the mouth, other mucous membranes (e.g., eyes or inside of the nose), or cuts and sores. Intact, healthy skin is an excellent barrier against HIV and other viruses and bacteria.
These are the most common ways that HIV is transmitted from one person to another:
• By having sexual intercourse (anal, vaginal, or oral sex) with an HIV-infected person
• By sharing needles or injection equipment with an injection drug user who is infected with HIV
• From HIV-infected women to babies before or during birth, or through breast-feeding.
These body fluids have been proven to spread HIV:
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